Sending non-ASCII text in HTTP POST header

Question

I am sending a file to a server as an octet-stream, and I need to specify the filename in the header:

String filename = \"«úü¡»¿.doc\"
URL url = new URL(\"ht         


        

Answer 1

Actually, you can use non-ASCII characters in header (see RFC 2616):

   message-header = field-name ":" [ field-value ]
   field-name     = token
   field-value    = *( field-content | LWS )
   field-content  = <the OCTETs making up the field-value
                    and consisting of either *TEXT or combinations
                    of token, separators, and quoted-string>

   TEXT           = <any OCTET except CTLs,
                    but including LWS>

   CTL            = <any US-ASCII control character
                    (octets 0 - 31) and DEL (127)>

   LWS            = [CRLF] 1*( SP | HT )

   CRLF           = CR LF

   CR             = <US-ASCII CR, carriage return (13)>

   LF             = <US-ASCII LF, linefeed (10)>

   SP             = <US-ASCII SP, space (32)>

   HT             = <US-ASCII HT, horizontal-tab (9)>

Answer 2

You cannot use non ASCII character in HTTP headers, see the RFC 2616. URI are themselves standardized by RFC 2396 and don't permit non-ASCII either. The RFC says :

The URI syntax was designed with global transcribability as one of its main concerns. A URI is a sequence of characters from a very limited set, i.e. the letters of the basic Latin alphabet, digits, and a few special characters.

In order to use non ASCII characters in URI you need to escape them using the %hexcode syntax (see section 2 of RFC 2396).

In Java you can do this using the java.net.URLEncoder class.

2020 edit: RFC 2616 has been updated and the relevant section on header syntax is now at https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2

 header-field   = field-name ":" OWS field-value OWS

 field-name     = token
 field-value    = *( field-content / obs-fold )
 field-content  = field-vchar [ 1*( SP / HTAB ) field-vchar ]
 field-vchar    = VCHAR / obs-text

 obs-fold       = CRLF 1*( SP / HTAB )
                ; obsolete line folding
                ; see Section 3.2.4

Where VCHAR is defined in https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-1.2 as "any visible [USASCII] character". With the [USASCII] reference being

[USASCII]     American National Standards Institute, "Coded Character
              Set -- 7-bit American Standard Code for Information
              Interchange", ANSI X3.4, 1986.

The standards are still very clear, HTTP header are still US-ASCII ONLY

Answer 3

This might help: HTTP headers encoding/decoding in Java