Why does the expression 0 < 0 == 0 return False in Python?

Question

Looking into Queue.py in Python 2.6, I found this construct that I found a bit strange:

def full(self):
    \"\"\"Return True if the queue is full, False oth         


        

Answer 1

Looking at the disassembly (the bytes codes) it is obvious why 0 < 0 == 0 is False.

Here is an analysis of this expression:

>>>import dis

>>>def f():
...    0 < 0 == 0

>>>dis.dis(f)
  2      0 LOAD_CONST               1 (0)
         3 LOAD_CONST               1 (0)
         6 DUP_TOP
         7 ROT_THREE
         8 COMPARE_OP               0 (<)
        11 JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP    23
        14 LOAD_CONST               1 (0)
        17 COMPARE_OP               2 (==)
        20 JUMP_FORWARD             2 (to 25)
   >>   23 ROT_TWO
        24 POP_TOP
   >>   25 POP_TOP
        26 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
        29 RETURN_VALUE

Notice lines 0-8: These lines check if 0 < 0 which obviously returns False onto the python stack.

Now notice line 11: JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP 23 This means that if 0 < 0 returns False perform a jump to line 23.

Now, 0 < 0 is False, so the jump is taken, which leaves the stack with a False which is the return value for the whole expression 0 < 0 == 0, even though the == 0 part isn't even checked.

So, to conclude, the answer is like said in other answers to this question. 0 < 0 == 0 has a special meaning. The compiler evaluates this to two terms: 0 < 0 and 0 == 0. As with any complex boolean expressions with and between them, if the first fails then the second one isn't even checked.

Hopes this enlightens things up a bit, and I really hope that the method I used to analyse this unexpected behavior will encourage others to try the same in the future.

Answer 2

I'm thinking Python is doing it's weird between magic. Same as 1 < 2 < 3 means 2 is between 1 and 3.

In this case, I think it's doing [middle 0] is greater than [left 0] and equal to [right 0]. Middle 0 is not greater than left 0, so it evaluates to false.

Answer 3

>>> 0 < 0 == 0
False

This is a chained comparison. It returns true if each pairwise comparison in turn is true. It is the equivalent to (0 < 0) and (0 == 0)

>>> (0) < (0 == 0)
True

This is equivalent to 0 < True which evaluates to True.

>>> (0 < 0) == 0
True

This is equivalent to False == 0 which evaluates to True.

>>> 0 < (0 == 0)
True

Equivalent to 0 < True which, as above, evaluates to True.