Detecting text changes in Word 2016 from VSTO add-in

Question

This question is very closely related to How to get the “KeyPress” event from a Word 2010 Addin (developed in C#)? (and in fact includes the sample code from the answer to t

Answer 1

I've experienced this same exact issue in Word 2013 and had to come up with a somewhat "creative" solution. It uses diffplex to monitor changes in the text of the active document and fires events when it changes. It's less than ideal but we do what we have to do to make things work.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
using Office = Microsoft.Office.Core;
using Microsoft.Office.Tools.Word;
using System.ComponentModel;

namespace WordUtils {
    public class TextChangeDetector {

        public Word.Application Application;
        private BackgroundWorker bg;

        public delegate void TextChangeHandler(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e);
        public event TextChangeHandler OnTextChanged;

        public TextChangeDetector(Word.Application app) {
            this.Application = app;
        }

        public void Start() {
            bg = new BackgroundWorker();
            bg.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
            bg.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;
            bg.ProgressChanged += bg_ProgressChanged;
            bg.DoWork += bg_DoWork;
            bg.RunWorkerAsync(this.Application);
        }

        private void bg_ProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e) {
            switch (e.ProgressPercentage) {
                case 50: //change
                    if (OnTextChanged != null) {
                        OnTextChanged(this, new TextChangedEventArgs((char)e.UserState));
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        private void bg_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e) {

            Word.Application wordApp = e.Argument as Word.Application;
            BackgroundWorker bg = sender as BackgroundWorker;
            string lastPage = string.Empty;

            while (true) {
                try {
                    if (Application.Documents.Count > 0) {
                        if (Application.ActiveDocument.Words.Count > 0) {
                            var currentPage = Application.ActiveDocument.Bookmarks["\\Page"].Range.Text;                         

                            if (currentPage != null && currentPage != lastPage) {
                                var differ = new DiffPlex.Differ();
                                var builder = new DiffPlex.DiffBuilder.InlineDiffBuilder(differ);                               
                                var difference = builder.BuildDiffModel(lastPage, currentPage);
                                var change = from d in difference.Lines where d.Type != DiffPlex.DiffBuilder.Model.ChangeType.Unchanged select d;
                                if (change.Any()) {                                    
                                    bg.ReportProgress(50, change.Last().Text.Last());
                                }

                                lastPage = currentPage;
                            }


                        }
                    }
                } catch (Exception) {

                }

                if (bg.CancellationPending) {
                    break;
                }
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
            }
        }

        public void Stop() {
            if (bg != null && !bg.CancellationPending) {
                bg.CancelAsync();
            }
        }
    }

    public class TextChangedEventArgs : EventArgs {
        public char Letter;
        public TextChangedEventArgs(char letter) {
            this.Letter = letter;
        }
    }
}

Usage:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
using Office = Microsoft.Office.Core;
using Microsoft.Office.Tools.Word;
using WordUtils;

namespace WordAddIn1 {
    public partial class ThisAddIn {
        TextChangeDetector detector;

        private void ThisAddIn_Startup(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
            detector = new TextChangeDetector(Application);
            detector.OnTextChanged += detector_OnTextChanged;
            detector.Start();
        }

        void detector_OnTextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e) {
            Console.WriteLine(e.Letter);
        }

        private void ThisAddIn_Shutdown(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
            detector.Stop();
        }

        #region VSTO generated code

        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InternalStartup() {
            this.Startup += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Startup);
            this.Shutdown += new System.EventHandler(ThisAddIn_Shutdown);
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

Answer 2

Everthing should work fine if you don't use a low-level hook in your VSTO add-in.

[DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int GetCurrentThreadId();

const int WH_KEYBOARD = 2;

private static IntPtr SetHook(HookProcedure procedure)
{
    var threadId = (uint)SafeNativeMethods.GetCurrentThreadId();
    return SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD, procedure, IntPtr.Zero, threadId);
}

Please note that you probably also need to create a hook to intercept mouse messages as it is possible to modify the text of a document solely by mouse interactions (e.g. copy and paste via Ribbon or context menu).

VSTO Sample

Here is a complete working VSTO sample including keyboard and mouse hooks:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using Office = Microsoft.Office.Core;

namespace SampleAddinWithKeyboardHook
{
    public partial class ThisAddIn
    {
        // NOTE: We need a backing field to prevent the delegate being garbage collected
        private SafeNativeMethods.HookProc _mouseProc;
        private SafeNativeMethods.HookProc _keyboardProc;

        private IntPtr _hookIdMouse;
        private IntPtr _hookIdKeyboard;

        private void ThisAddIn_Startup(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            _mouseProc = MouseHookCallback;
            _keyboardProc = KeyboardHookCallback;

            SetWindowsHooks();
        }

        private void ThisAddIn_Shutdown(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            UnhookWindowsHooks();
        }

        private void SetWindowsHooks()
        {
            uint threadId = (uint)SafeNativeMethods.GetCurrentThreadId();

            _hookIdMouse =
                SafeNativeMethods.SetWindowsHookEx(
                    (int)SafeNativeMethods.HookType.WH_MOUSE,
                    _mouseProc,
                    IntPtr.Zero,
                    threadId);

            _hookIdKeyboard =
                SafeNativeMethods.SetWindowsHookEx(
                    (int)SafeNativeMethods.HookType.WH_KEYBOARD,
                    _keyboardProc,
                    IntPtr.Zero,
                    threadId);
        }

        private void UnhookWindowsHooks()
        {
            SafeNativeMethods.UnhookWindowsHookEx(_hookIdKeyboard);
            SafeNativeMethods.UnhookWindowsHookEx(_hookIdMouse);
        }

        private IntPtr MouseHookCallback(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
        {
            if (nCode >= 0)
            {
                var mouseHookStruct =
                    (SafeNativeMethods.MouseHookStructEx)
                        Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(SafeNativeMethods.MouseHookStructEx));

                // handle mouse message here
                var message = (SafeNativeMethods.WindowMessages)wParam;
                Debug.WriteLine(
                    "{0} event detected at position {1} - {2}",
                    message,
                    mouseHookStruct.pt.X,
                    mouseHookStruct.pt.Y);
            }
            return SafeNativeMethods.CallNextHookEx(
                _hookIdKeyboard,
                nCode,
                wParam,
                lParam);
        }

        private IntPtr KeyboardHookCallback(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
        {
            if (nCode >= 0)
            {
                // handle key message here
                Debug.WriteLine("Key event detected.");
            }

            return SafeNativeMethods.CallNextHookEx(
                _hookIdKeyboard,
                nCode,
                wParam,
                lParam);
        }

        #region VSTO generated code

        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support.
        /// </summary>
        private void InternalStartup()
        {
            Startup += ThisAddIn_Startup;
            Shutdown += ThisAddIn_Shutdown;
        }

        #endregion
    }

    internal static class SafeNativeMethods
    {
        public delegate IntPtr HookProc(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);

        public enum HookType
        {
            WH_KEYBOARD = 2,
            WH_MOUSE = 7
        }

        public enum WindowMessages : uint
        {
            WM_KEYDOWN = 0x0100,
            WM_KEYFIRST = 0x0100,
            WM_KEYLAST = 0x0108,
            WM_KEYUP = 0x0101,
            WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x0203,
            WM_LBUTTONDOWN = 0x0201,
            WM_LBUTTONUP = 0x0202,
            WM_MBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x0209,
            WM_MBUTTONDOWN = 0x0207,
            WM_MBUTTONUP = 0x0208,
            WM_MOUSEACTIVATE = 0x0021,
            WM_MOUSEFIRST = 0x0200,
            WM_MOUSEHOVER = 0x02A1,
            WM_MOUSELAST = 0x020D,
            WM_MOUSELEAVE = 0x02A3,
            WM_MOUSEMOVE = 0x0200,
            WM_MOUSEWHEEL = 0x020A,
            WM_MOUSEHWHEEL = 0x020E,
            WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x0206,
            WM_RBUTTONDOWN = 0x0204,
            WM_RBUTTONUP = 0x0205,
            WM_SYSDEADCHAR = 0x0107,
            WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x0104,
            WM_SYSKEYUP = 0x0105
        }

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string lpModuleName);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(IntPtr hhk);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookEx(
            int idHook,
            HookProc lpfn,
            IntPtr hMod,
            uint dwThreadId);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr CallNextHookEx(
            IntPtr hhk,
            int nCode,
            IntPtr wParam,
            IntPtr lParam);

        [DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int GetCurrentThreadId();

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct Point
        {
            public int X;
            public int Y;

            public Point(int x, int y)
            {
                X = x;
                Y = y;
            }

            public static implicit operator System.Drawing.Point(Point p)
            {
                return new System.Drawing.Point(p.X, p.Y);
            }

            public static implicit operator Point(System.Drawing.Point p)
            {
                return new Point(p.X, p.Y);
            }
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct MouseHookStructEx
        {
            public Point pt;
            public IntPtr hwnd;
            public uint wHitTestCode;
            public IntPtr dwExtraInfo;
            public int MouseData;
        }
    }
}

VBE Add-in Sample

And here is a working sample for the VBA editor (VBE add-in):

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using Extensibility;

namespace VbeAddin
{
    [ComVisible(true)]
    [ProgId("VbeAddin.Connect")]
    [Guid("95840C70-5A1A-4EDB-B436-40E8BF030469")]
    public class Connect : StandardOleMarshalObject, IDTExtensibility2
    {
        // NOTE: We need a backing field to prevent the delegate being garbage collected
        private SafeNativeMethods.HookProc _mouseProc;
        private SafeNativeMethods.HookProc _keyboardProc;

        private IntPtr _hookIdMouse;
        private IntPtr _hookIdKeyboard;

        #region IDTExtensibility2 Members

        public void OnConnection(object application, ext_ConnectMode connectMode, object addInInst, ref Array custom)
        {
            _mouseProc = MouseHookCallback;
            _keyboardProc = KeyboardHookCallback;

            SetWindowsHooks();
        }

        public void OnDisconnection(ext_DisconnectMode removeMode, ref Array custom)
        {
            UnhookWindowsHooks();
        }

        public void OnAddInsUpdate(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        public void OnStartupComplete(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        public void OnBeginShutdown(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        #endregion

        private void SetWindowsHooks()
        {
            uint threadId = (uint)SafeNativeMethods.GetCurrentThreadId();

            _hookIdMouse =
                SafeNativeMethods.SetWindowsHookEx(
                    (int)SafeNativeMethods.HookType.WH_MOUSE,
                    _mouseProc,
                    IntPtr.Zero,
                    threadId);

            _hookIdKeyboard =
                SafeNativeMethods.SetWindowsHookEx(
                    (int)SafeNativeMethods.HookType.WH_KEYBOARD,
                    _keyboardProc,
                    IntPtr.Zero,
                    threadId);
        }

        private void UnhookWindowsHooks()
        {
            SafeNativeMethods.UnhookWindowsHookEx(_hookIdKeyboard);
            SafeNativeMethods.UnhookWindowsHookEx(_hookIdMouse);
        }

        private IntPtr MouseHookCallback(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
        {
            if (nCode >= 0)
            {
                var mouseHookStruct =
                    (SafeNativeMethods.MouseHookStructEx)
                        Marshal.PtrToStructure(
                            lParam,
                            typeof(SafeNativeMethods.MouseHookStructEx));

                // handle mouse message here
                var message = (SafeNativeMethods.WindowMessages)wParam;
                Debug.WriteLine(
                    "{0} event detected at position {1} - {2}",
                    message,
                    mouseHookStruct.pt.X,
                    mouseHookStruct.pt.Y);
            }
            return SafeNativeMethods.CallNextHookEx(
                _hookIdKeyboard,
                nCode,
                wParam,
                lParam);
        }

        private IntPtr KeyboardHookCallback(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
        {
            if (nCode >= 0)
            {
                // handle key message here
                Debug.WriteLine("Key event detected.");
            }
            return SafeNativeMethods.CallNextHookEx(
                _hookIdKeyboard,
                nCode,
                wParam,
                lParam);
        }
    }

    internal static class SafeNativeMethods
    {
        public delegate IntPtr HookProc(int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);

        public enum HookType
        {
            WH_KEYBOARD = 2,
            WH_MOUSE = 7
        }

        public enum WindowMessages : uint
        {
            WM_KEYDOWN = 0x0100,
            WM_KEYFIRST = 0x0100,
            WM_KEYLAST = 0x0108,
            WM_KEYUP = 0x0101,
            WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x0203,
            WM_LBUTTONDOWN = 0x0201,
            WM_LBUTTONUP = 0x0202,
            WM_MBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x0209,
            WM_MBUTTONDOWN = 0x0207,
            WM_MBUTTONUP = 0x0208,
            WM_MOUSEACTIVATE = 0x0021,
            WM_MOUSEFIRST = 0x0200,
            WM_MOUSEHOVER = 0x02A1,
            WM_MOUSELAST = 0x020D,
            WM_MOUSELEAVE = 0x02A3,
            WM_MOUSEMOVE = 0x0200,
            WM_MOUSEWHEEL = 0x020A,
            WM_MOUSEHWHEEL = 0x020E,
            WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x0206,
            WM_RBUTTONDOWN = 0x0204,
            WM_RBUTTONUP = 0x0205,
            WM_SYSDEADCHAR = 0x0107,
            WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x0104,
            WM_SYSKEYUP = 0x0105
        }

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string lpModuleName);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(IntPtr hhk);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookEx(
            int idHook,
            HookProc lpfn,
            IntPtr hMod,
            uint dwThreadId);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern IntPtr CallNextHookEx(
            IntPtr hhk,
            int nCode,
            IntPtr wParam,
            IntPtr lParam);

        [DllImport("kernel32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern int GetCurrentThreadId();

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct Point
        {
            public int X;
            public int Y;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct MouseHookStructEx
        {
            public Point pt;
            public IntPtr hwnd;
            public uint wHitTestCode;
            public IntPtr dwExtraInfo;
            public int MouseData;
        }
    }
}