Make Frequency Histogram for Factor Variables

Question

I am very new to R, so I apologize for such a basic question. I spent an hour googling this issue, but couldn\'t find a solution.

Say I have some categorical data in

Answer 1

It seems like you want barplot(prop.table(table(animals))):

However, this is not a histogram.

Answer 2

The reason you are getting the unexpected result is that hist(...) calculates the distribution from a numeric vector. In your code, table(animalFactor) behaves like a numeric vector with three elements: 1, 3, 7. So hist(...) plots the number of 1's (1), the number of 3's (1), and the number of 7's (1). @Roland's solution is the simplest.

Here's a way to do this using ggplot:

library(ggplot2)
ggp <- ggplot(data.frame(animals),aes(x=animals))
# counts
ggp + geom_histogram(fill="lightgreen")
# proportion
ggp + geom_histogram(fill="lightblue",aes(y=..count../sum(..count..)))

You would get precisely the same result using animalFactor instead of animals in the code above.

Answer 3

Country is a categorical variable and I want to see how many occurences of country exist in the data set. In other words, how many records/attendees are from each Country

barplot(summary(df$Country))

Answer 4

You could also use lattice::histogram()

Answer 5

If you'd like to do this in ggplot, an API change was made to geom_histogram() that leads to an error: https://github.com/hadley/ggplot2/issues/1465

To get around this, use geom_bar():

animals <- c("cat", "dog",  "dog", "dog", "dog", "dog", "dog", "dog", "cat", "cat", "bird")

library(ggplot2)
# counts
ggplot(data.frame(animals), aes(x=animals)) +
  geom_bar()

Answer 6

Data as factor can be used as input to the plot function.

An answer to a similar question has been given here: https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-help/2010-December/261873.html

 x=sample(c("Richard", "Minnie", "Albert", "Helen", "Joe", "Kingston"),  
 50, replace=T)
 x=as.factor(x)
 plot(x)