Resize a WPF window, but maintain proportions?

Question

I have a user resizable WPF Window that I want to constrain the resizing so the aspect ratio of the window stays constant.

Ideally I would like to constrain mouse

Answer 1

I've found a good answer by Nir here. There are still some flaws, basically resizing in top right corner, bottom right corner and bottom side will be fine, other sides and corners are not. The bright side is, the aspect ratio is smoothly kept all the time.

EDIT: I found a way to remove most of the problems. When sizing starts, the dimension that will be artificially adjusted to keep the aspect ratio is determined by locating the mouse position relative to the window. The only remaining imperfections I found are that the position of the window may change when resizing from the corners (except bottom right).

xaml:

<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.ConstantAspectRatioWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="ConstantAspectRatioWindow" MinHeight="100" MinWidth="150" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight">
    <Grid>
        <Border Width="300" Height="200" Background="Navy"/>
        <Border Width="150" Height="100" Background="Yellow" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

Code behind:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Interop;

namespace WpfApplication1
{
    public partial class ConstantAspectRatioWindow : Window
    {
        private double _aspectRatio;
        private bool? _adjustingHeight = null;

        internal enum SWP
        {
            NOMOVE = 0x0002
        }
        internal enum WM
        {
            WINDOWPOSCHANGING = 0x0046,
            EXITSIZEMOVE = 0x0232,
        }

        public ConstantAspectRatioWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.SourceInitialized += Window_SourceInitialized;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        internal struct WINDOWPOS
        {
            public IntPtr hwnd;
            public IntPtr hwndInsertAfter;
            public int x;
            public int y;
            public int cx;
            public int cy;
            public int flags;
        }

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        internal static extern bool GetCursorPos(ref Win32Point pt);

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        internal struct Win32Point
        {
            public Int32 X;
            public Int32 Y;
        };

        public static Point GetMousePosition() // mouse position relative to screen
        {
            Win32Point w32Mouse = new Win32Point();
            GetCursorPos(ref w32Mouse);
            return new Point(w32Mouse.X, w32Mouse.Y);
        }


        private void Window_SourceInitialized(object sender, EventArgs ea)
        {
            HwndSource hwndSource = (HwndSource)HwndSource.FromVisual((Window)sender);
            hwndSource.AddHook(DragHook);

            _aspectRatio = this.Width / this.Height;
        }

        private IntPtr DragHook(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handled)
        {
            switch ((WM)msg)
            {
                case WM.WINDOWPOSCHANGING:
                    {
                        WINDOWPOS pos = (WINDOWPOS)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(WINDOWPOS));

                        if ((pos.flags & (int)SWP.NOMOVE) != 0)
                            return IntPtr.Zero;

                        Window wnd = (Window)HwndSource.FromHwnd(hwnd).RootVisual;
                        if (wnd == null)
                            return IntPtr.Zero;

                        // determine what dimension is changed by detecting the mouse position relative to the 
                        // window bounds. if gripped in the corner, either will work.
                        if (!_adjustingHeight.HasValue)
                        {
                            Point p = GetMousePosition();

                            double diffWidth = Math.Min(Math.Abs(p.X - pos.x), Math.Abs(p.X - pos.x - pos.cx));
                            double diffHeight = Math.Min(Math.Abs(p.Y - pos.y), Math.Abs(p.Y - pos.y - pos.cy));

                            _adjustingHeight = diffHeight > diffWidth;
                        }

                        if (_adjustingHeight.Value)
                            pos.cy = (int)(pos.cx / _aspectRatio); // adjusting height to width change
                        else
                            pos.cx = (int)(pos.cy * _aspectRatio); // adjusting width to heigth change

                        Marshal.StructureToPtr(pos, lParam, true);
                        handled = true;
                    }
                    break;
                case WM.EXITSIZEMOVE:
                    _adjustingHeight = null; // reset adjustment dimension and detect again next time window is resized
                    break;
            }

            return IntPtr.Zero;
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

The answer given above favors width change over height change so if you adjust the height a lot but, because of mouse positioning, the width also changes a bit, the user will still see pretty much the same window. I have this code that works off percentage changes in each dimension favoring the largest change as the one the user is most interested in.

protected override void OnRenderSizeChanged(SizeChangedInfo sizeInfo)
    {
        var percentWidthChange = Math.Abs(sizeInfo.NewSize.Width - sizeInfo.PreviousSize.Width) / sizeInfo.PreviousSize.Width;
        var percentHeightChange = Math.Abs(sizeInfo.NewSize.Height - sizeInfo.PreviousSize.Height) / sizeInfo.PreviousSize.Height;

        if (percentWidthChange > percentHeightChange)
            this.Height = sizeInfo.NewSize.Width / _aspectRatio;
        else
            this.Width = sizeInfo.NewSize.Height * _aspectRatio;

        base.OnRenderSizeChanged(sizeInfo);
    }

Answer 3

On Window - you can listen to message of Win32 API simply:

 private double ratio = 1.33; // retio of 3:4

        protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
            HwndSource source = HwndSource.FromVisual(this) as HwndSource;
            if (source != null)
            {
                source.AddHook(new HwndSourceHook(WinProc));
            }
        }

        public const Int32 WM_EXITSIZEMOVE = 0x0232;
        private IntPtr WinProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref Boolean handled)
        {
            IntPtr result = IntPtr.Zero;
            switch (msg)
            {
                case WM_EXITSIZEMOVE:
                    {
                        if (Width < Height)
                        {
                            Width = Height * ratio;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Height = Width / ratio;
                        }
                    }
                    break;
            }

            return result;
        }

On this code you always take the shorter side and set it to be equal to the longer. You can always take the opposite approach and set the longer to be equal to the shorter. I found the solution here: http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/forums/en-US/wpf/thread/b0df3d1f-e211-4f54-a079-09af0096410e

Answer 4

Does that do the trick:

protected override void OnRenderSizeChanged(SizeChangedInfo sizeInfo) {

    if (sizeInfo.WidthChanged) this.Width = sizeInfo.NewSize.Height * aspect;
    else this.Height = sizeInfo.NewSize.Width / aspect;
}

Found it here.

Answer 5

Although this doesn't force the Window to be of a specific ratio (as the OP asked), I have managed to get the CONTENT of a window to scale, while maintaining the original aspect ratio, by wrapping the contents in a Viewbox and setting the stretch propety as Stretch="Uniform". No code-behind is needed.

WPF:

<Viewbox Name="MainViewbox" Stretch="Uniform">
    ... your content here
</Viewbox>