Server-side, write:
if(IsPostBack)
{
// NOTE: the following uses an overload of RegisterClientScriptBlock()
// that will surround our string with the needed script tags
ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock(GetType(), "IsPostBack", "var isPostBack = true;", true);
}
Then, in your script which runs for the onLoad, check for the existence of that variable:
if(isPostBack) {
// do your thing
}
You don't really need to set the variable otherwise, like Jonathan's solution. The client-side if statement will work fine because the "isPostBack" variable will be undefined, which evaluates as false in that if statement.