How do I do Debian packaging of a Python package?

Question

I need to write, or find, a script to create a Debian package, using package python-support, from a Python package. The Python package will be pure Python without C extensio

Answer 1

First off, there are plenty of Python packages already in Debian; you can download the source (including all the packaging) for any of them either using apt-get source or by visiting http://packages.debian.org.

You may find the following resources of use:

• Debian New Maintainer's Guide
• Debian Policy Manual
• Debian Python Policy
• Debian Python Modules Team

Answer 2

I would take the sources of an existing Debian package, and replace the actual package in it with your package. To find a list of packages that depend on python-support, do

 apt-cache rdepends python-support

Pick a package that is Architecture: all, so that it is a pure-Python package. Going through this list, I found that e.g. python-flup might be a good starting point. To get the source of one such package, do

apt-get source <package>

To build it, do

cd <packagesrc>
dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot

When editing it, expect that you only need the files in the debian folder; replace all references to flup with your own package name.

Once you get started, it should take you a day to complete.

Answer 3

Most of the answers posted here are outdated, but fortunately a great Debian wiki post has been made recently, which explains the current best practices and describes how to build Debian packages for Python modules and applications.

• http://wiki.debian.org/Python/Packaging

Answer 4

The right way of building a .deb package is using dpkg-buildpackage, but sometimes it is a little bit complicated. Instead you can use dpkg -b <folder>, and it will create your Debian package.

These are the basics for creating a Debian package with dpkg -b <folder> with any binary or with any kind of script that runs automatically without needing manual compilation (Python, Bash, Perl, and Ruby):

1. Create the files and folders in order to recreate the following structure:

   ProgramName-Version/
   ProgramName-Version/DEBIAN
   ProgramName-Version/DEBIAN/control
   ProgramName-Version/usr/
   ProgramName-Version/usr/bin/
   ProgramName-Version/usr/bin/your_script
   

   The scripts placed at /usr/bin/ are directly called from the terminal. Note that I didn't add an extension to the script. Also you can notice that the structure of the .deb package will be the structure of the program once it's installed. So if you follow this logic, if your program has a single file, you can directly place it under ProgramName-Version/usr/bin/your_script, but if you have multiple files, you should place them under ProgramName-Version/usr/share/ProgramName/all your files and place only one file under /usr/bin/ that will call your scripts from /usr/share/ProgramName/.

2. Change all the folder permission to root:

   chown root:root -R /path/to/ProgramName-Version
   

3. Change the script's permissions:

   chmod 0755 /path/to/the/script
   

4. Finally, you can run: dpkg -b /path/to/the/ProgramName-Version and your .deb package will be created! (You can also add the post/pre install scripts and everything you want. It works like a normal Debian package.)

Here is an example of the control file. You only need to copy-paste it in to an empty file called "control" and put it in the DEBIAN folder.

Package: ProgramName
Version: VERSION
Architecture: all
Maintainer: YOUR NAME <EMAIL>
Depends: python2.7, etc , etc,
Installed-Size: in_kb
Homepage: http://example.com
Description: Here you can put a one line description. This is the short Description.
 Here you put the long description, indented by one space.

---

The full article about Debian packages can be read here.

Answer 5

I think you want http://pypi.python.org/pypi/stdeb:

stdeb produces Debian source packages from Python packages via a new distutils command, sdist_dsc. Automatic defaults are provided for the Debian package, but many aspects of the resulting package can be customized (see the customizing section, below). An additional command, bdist_deb, creates a Debian binary package, a .deb file.