When to close MongoDB database connection in Nodejs

Question

Working with Nodejs and MongoDB through Node MongoDB native driver. Need to retrieve some documents, and make modification, then save them right back. This is an example:

Answer 1

Here's a potential solution based on the counting approach (I haven't tested it and there's no error trapping, but it should convey the idea).

The basic strategy is: Acquire the count of how many records need to be updated, save each record asynchronously and a callback on success, which will decrement the count and close the DB if the count reaches 0 (when the last update finishes). By using {safe:true} we can ensure that each update is successful.

The mongo server will use one thread per connection, so it's good to either a) close unused connections, or b) pool/reuse them.

db.open(function (err, db) {
  db.collection('foo', function (err, collection) {
    var cursor = collection.find({});
    cursor.count(function(err,count)){
      var savesPending = count;

      if(count == 0){
        db.close();
        return;
      }

      var saveFinished = function(){
        savesPending--;
        if(savesPending == 0){
          db.close();
        }
      }

      cursor.each(function (err, doc) {
        if (doc != null) {
          doc.newkey = 'foo'; // Make some changes
          db.save(doc, {safe:true}, saveFinished);
        }
      });
    })
  });
});

Answer 2

Here an extended example to the answer given by pkopac, since I had to figure out the rest of the details:

const client = new MongoClient(uri);
(async () => await client.connect())();

// use client to work with db
const find = async (dbName, collectionName) => {
  try {
    const collection = client.db(dbName).collection(collectionName);
    const result = await collection.find().toArray()
    return result;
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(err);
  }
}

const cleanup = (event) => { // SIGINT is sent for example when you Ctrl+C a running process from the command line.
  client.close(); // Close MongodDB Connection when Process ends
  process.exit(); // Exit with default success-code '0'.
}

process.on('SIGINT', cleanup);
process.on('SIGTERM', cleanup);

Here is a link to the difference between SIGINT and SIGTERM. I had to add the process.exit(), otherwise my node web-server didn't exit cleanly when doing Ctrl + C on the running process in command line.

Answer 3

I found that using counter may apply to simple scenario, but may be hard in complicated situations. Here is a solution that I come up by closing the database connection when database connection is idle:

var dbQueryCounter = 0;
var maxDbIdleTime = 5000; //maximum db idle time

var closeIdleDb = function(connection){
  var previousCounter = 0;
  var checker = setInterval(function(){
    if (previousCounter == dbQueryCounter && dbQueryCounter != 0) {
        connection.close();
        clearInterval(closeIdleDb);
    } else {
        previousCounter = dbQueryCounter;
    }
  }, maxDbIdleTime);
};

MongoClient.connect("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/testdb", function(err, connection)(
  if (err) throw err;
  connection.collection("mycollection").find({'a':{'$gt':1}}).toArray(function(err, docs) {
    dbQueryCounter ++;
  });   
  //do any db query, and increase the dbQueryCounter
  closeIdleDb(connection);
));

This can be a general solution for any database Connections. maxDbIdleTime can be set as the same value as db query timeout or longer.

This is not very elegant, but I can't think of a better way to do this. I use NodeJs to run a script that queries MongoDb and Mysql, and the script hangs there forever if the database connections are not closed properly.

Answer 4

Modern way of doing this without counters, libraries or any custom code:

let MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
let url = 'mongodb://yourMongoDBUrl';
let database = 'dbName';
let collection = 'collectionName';

MongoClient.connect(url, { useNewUrlParser: true }, (mongoError, mongoClient) => {
   if (mongoError) throw mongoError;

   // query as an async stream
   let stream = mongoClient.db(database).collection(collection)
        .find({}) // your query goes here
        .stream({
          transform: (readElement) => {
            // here you can transform each element before processing it
            return readElement;
          }
        });

   // process each element of stream (async)
   stream.on('data', (streamElement) => {
        // here you process the data
        console.log('single element processed', streamElement);
   });

   // called only when stream has no pending elements to process
   stream.once('end', () => {
     mongoClient.close().then(r => console.log('db successfully closed'));
   });
});

Tested it on version 3.2.7 of mongodb driver but according to link might be valid since version 2.0

Answer 5

Here's a solution I came up with. It avoids using toArray and it's pretty short and sweet:

var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;

MongoClient.connect("mongodb://localhost:27017/mydb", function(err, db) {
  let myCollection = db.collection('myCollection');
  let query = {}; // fill in your query here
  let i = 0;
  myCollection.count(query, (err, count) => { 
    myCollection.find(query).forEach((doc) => {
      // do stuff here
      if (++i == count) db.close();
    });
  });
});

Answer 6

Based on the suggestion from @mpobrien above, I've found the async module to be incredibly helpful in this regard. Here's an example pattern that I've come to adopt:

const assert = require('assert');
const async = require('async');
const MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;

var mongodb;

async.series(
    [
        // Establish Covalent Analytics MongoDB connection
        (callback) => {
            MongoClient.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/test', (err, db) => {
                assert.equal(err, null);
                mongodb = db;
                callback(null);
            });
        },
        // Insert some documents
        (callback) => {
            mongodb.collection('sandbox').insertMany(
                [{a : 1}, {a : 2}, {a : 3}],
                (err) => {
                    assert.equal(err, null);
                    callback(null);
                }
            )
        },
        // Find some documents
        (callback) => {
            mongodb.collection('sandbox').find({}).toArray(function(err, docs) {
                assert.equal(err, null);
                console.dir(docs);
                callback(null);
            });
        }
    ],
    () => {
        mongodb.close();
    }
);