There is nothing equivalent to C#'s USB support in Java. Both jUSB and Java-USB are severely out-of-date and likely unusable for any serious application development.
If you want to implement a cross-platform USB application, really your best bet is to write an abstract JNI interface that talks to Linux, Mac and Windows native libraries that you'll have to write yourself. I'd look at LibUSB to handle Mac and Linux. Windows, as you've seen, is pretty straightforward. I just came off a year-long project that did just this, and unfortunately this is the only serious cross-platform solution. If you don't have to implement on Windows and your needs are limited, you may get by with one of the older Java libs (jUSB or Java-USB). Anything that needs to deploy on Win32/Win64 will need a native component.