when i use matplotlib in jupyter notebook,it always raise “ matplotlib is currently using a non-GUI backend” error?

Question

import matplotlib.pyplot as pl
%matplot inline
def learning_curves(X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test):
\"\"\" Calculates the performance of several models with varyin         


        

Answer 1

Testing with https://matplotlib.org/examples/animation/dynamic_image.html I just add

%matplotlib notebook

which seems to work but is a little bumpy. I had to stop the kernal now and then :-(

Answer 2

You can still save the figure by fig.savefig()

If you want to view it on the web page, you can try

from IPython.display import display
display(fig)

Answer 3

The error "matplotlib is currently using a non-GUI backend” also occurred when I was trying to display a plot using the command fig.show(). I found that in a Jupyter Notebook, the command fig, ax = plt.subplots() and a plot command need to be in the same cell in order for the plot to be rendered.

For example, the following code will successfully show a bar plot in Out[5]:

In [3]:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib inline

In [4]:

x = 'A B C D E F G H'.split()
y = range(1, 9)

In [5]:

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.bar(x, y)

Out[5]: (Container object of 8 artists)

A successful bar plot output

On the other hand, the following code will not show the plot,

In [5]:

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

Out[5]:

An empty plot with only a frame

In [6]:

ax.bar(x, y)

Out[6]: (Container object of 8 artists)

In Out[6] there is only a statement of "Container object of 8 artists" but no bar plot is shown.

Answer 4

I had the same error. Then I used

import matplotlib matplotlib.use('WebAgg')

it works fine.(You have to install tornado to view in web, (pip install tornado))

Python version: 3.7 matplotlib version: 3.1.1