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Parse an HTML string with JS

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逝去的感伤
逝去的感伤 2020-11-21 07:17

I searched for a solution but nothing was relevant, so here is my problem:

I want to parse a string which contains HTML text. I want to do it in JavaScript.

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10条回答
  • 伪装坚强ぢ
    2020-11-21 07:24 
    const parse = Range.prototype.createContextualFragment.bind(document.createRange());

document.body.appendChild( parse('<p><strong>Today is:</strong></p>') ),
document.body.appendChild( parse(`<p style="background: #eee">${new Date()}</p>`) );

    Only valid child Nodes within the parent Node (start of the Range) will be parsed. Otherwise, unexpected results may occur:

    // <body> is "parent" Node, start of Range
const parseRange = document.createRange();
const parse = Range.prototype.createContextualFragment.bind(parseRange);

// Returns Text "1 2" because td, tr, tbody are not valid children of <body>
parse('<td>1</td> <td>2</td>');
parse('<tr><td>1</td> <td>2</td></tr>');
parse('<tbody><tr><td>1</td> <td>2</td></tr></tbody>');

// Returns <table>, which is a valid child of <body>
parse('<table> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> </table>');
parse('<table> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> </tr> </table>');
parse('<table> <tbody> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> </tbody> </table>');

// <tr> is parent Node, start of Range
parseRange.setStart(document.createElement('tr'), 0);

// Returns [<td>, <td>] element array
parse('<td>1</td> <td>2</td>');
parse('<tr> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> </tr>');
parse('<tbody> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> </tbody>');
parse('<table> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> </table>');
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  • 醉酒成梦
    2020-11-21 07:25

    Create a dummy DOM element and add the string to it. Then, you can manipulate it like any DOM element.

    var el = document.createElement( 'html' );
el.innerHTML = "<html><head><title>titleTest</title></head><body><a href='test0'>test01</a><a href='test1'>test02</a><a href='test2'>test03</a></body></html>";

el.getElementsByTagName( 'a' ); // Live NodeList of your anchor elements

    Edit: adding a jQuery answer to please the fans!

    var el = $( '<div></div>' );
el.html("<html><head><title>titleTest</title></head><body><a href='test0'>test01</a><a href='test1'>test02</a><a href='test2'>test03</a></body></html>");

$('a', el) // All the anchor elements
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  • 不思量自难忘°
    2020-11-21 07:26

    It's quite simple:

    var parser = new DOMParser();
var htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(txt, 'text/html');
// do whatever you want with htmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('a');

    According to MDN, to do this in chrome you need to parse as XML like so:

    var parser = new DOMParser();
var htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(txt, 'text/xml');
// do whatever you want with htmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('a');

    It is currently unsupported by webkit and you'd have to follow Florian's answer, and it is unknown to work in most cases on mobile browsers.

    Edit: Now widely supported

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  • 滥情空心
    2020-11-21 07:27

    with this simple code you can do that:

    let el = $('<div></div>');
$(document.body).append(el);
el.html(`<html><head><title>titleTest</title></head><body><a href='test0'>test01</a><a href='test1'>test02</a><a href='test2'>test03</a></body></html>`);
console.log(el.find('a[href="test0"]'));
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  • 慢半拍i
    2020-11-21 07:28

    If you're open to using jQuery, it has some nice facilities for creating detached DOM elements from strings of HTML. These can then be queried through the usual means, E.g.:

    var html = "<html><head><title>titleTest</title></head><body><a href='test0'>test01</a><a href='test1'>test02</a><a href='test2'>test03</a></body></html>";
var anchors = $('<div/>').append(html).find('a').get();

    Edit - just saw @Florian's answer which is correct. This is basically exactly what he said, but with jQuery.

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  • 醉酒成梦
    2020-11-21 07:30

    The following function parseHTML will return either :

    • a Document when your file starts with a doctype.

    • a DocumentFragment when your file doesn't start with a doctype.

    The code :

    function parseHTML(markup) {
    if (markup.toLowerCase().trim().indexOf('<!doctype') === 0) {
        var doc = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument("");
        doc.documentElement.innerHTML = markup;
        return doc;
    } else if ('content' in document.createElement('template')) {
       // Template tag exists!
       var el = document.createElement('template');
       el.innerHTML = markup;
       return el.content;
    } else {
       // Template tag doesn't exist!
       var docfrag = document.createDocumentFragment();
       var el = document.createElement('body');
       el.innerHTML = markup;
       for (i = 0; 0 < el.childNodes.length;) {
           docfrag.appendChild(el.childNodes[i]);
       }
       return docfrag;
    }
}

    How to use :

    var links = parseHTML('<!doctype html><html><head></head><body><a>Link 1</a><a>Link 2</a></body></html>').getElementsByTagName('a');
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