Find the longest common starting substring in a set of strings [closed]

Answer 1

Combining answers by kennebec, Florian F and jberryman yields the following Haskell one-liner:

commonPrefix l = map fst . takeWhile (uncurry (==)) $ zip (minimum l) (maximum l)

With Control.Arrow one can get a point-free form:

commonPrefix = map fst . takeWhile (uncurry (==)) . uncurry zip . (minimum &&& maximum)

Answer 2

A javascript version based on @Svante's algorithm:

function commonSubstring(words){
    var iChar, iWord,
        refWord = words[0],
        lRefWord = refWord.length,
        lWords = words.length;
    for (iChar = 0; iChar < lRefWord; iChar += 1) {
        for (iWord = 1; iWord < lWords; iWord += 1) {
            if (refWord[iChar] !== words[iWord][iChar]) {
                return refWord.substring(0, iChar);
            }
        }
    }
    return refWord;
}

Answer 3

This one is very similar to Roberto Bonvallet's solution, except in ruby.

chars = %w[interspecies interstelar interstate].map {|w| w.split('') }
chars[0].zip(*chars[1..-1]).map { |c| c.uniq }.take_while { |c| c.size == 1 }.join

The first line replaces each word with an array of chars. Next, I use zip to create this data structure:

[["i", "i", "i"], ["n", "n", "n"], ["t", "t", "t"], ...

map and uniq reduce this to [["i"],["n"],["t"], ...

take_while pulls the chars off the array until it finds one where the size isn't one (meaning not all chars were the same). Finally, I join them back together.

Answer 4

Just for the fun of it, here's a version written in (SWI-)PROLOG:

common_pre([[C|Cs]|Ss], [C|Res]) :-
  maplist(head_tail(C), [[C|Cs]|Ss], RemSs), !,
  common_pre(RemSs, Res).
common_pre(_, []).

head_tail(H, [H|T], T).

Running:

?- S=["interspecies", "interstelar", "interstate"], common_pre(S, CP), string_to_list(CPString, CP).

Gives:

CP = [105, 110, 116, 101, 114, 115],
CPString = "inters".

Explanation:

(SWI-)PROLOG treats strings as lists of character codes (numbers). All the predicate common_pre/2 does is recursively pattern-match to select the first code (C) from the head of the first list (string, [C|Cs]) in the list of all lists (all strings, [[C|Cs]|Ss]), and appends the matching code C to the result iff it is common to all (remaining) heads of all lists (strings), else it terminates.

Nice, clean, simple and efficient... :)

Answer 5

I would do the following:

1. Take the first string of the array as the initial starting substring.
2. Take the next string of the array and compare the characters until the end of one of the strings is reached or a mismatch is found. If a mismatch is found, reduce starting substring to the length where the mismatch was found.
3. Repeat step 2 until all strings have been tested.

Here’s a JavaScript implementation:

var array = ["interspecies", "interstelar", "interstate"],
    prefix = array[0],
    len = prefix.length;
for (i=1; i<array.length; i++) {
    for (j=0, len=Math.min(len,array[j].length); j<len; j++) {
        if (prefix[j] != array[i][j]) {
            len = j;
            prefix = prefix.substr(0, len);
            break;
        }
    }
}

Answer 6

Golfed JS solution just for fun:

w=["hello", "hell", "helen"];
c=w.reduce(function(p,c){
    for(r="",i=0;p[i]==c[i];r+=p[i],i++){}
    return r;
});