I would like to have a trigger to perform following operation for inserted records:
# pseudocode
if new.group_id is null
set new.group_id = new.id
els
I don't know of any way to do this in one statement, even using a trigger.
The trigger solution that @Lucky suggested would look like this in MySQL:
CREATE TRIGGER MyTrigger BEFORE INSERT ON MyTable
FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
SET NEW.group_id = COALESCE(NEW.group_id, NEW.id);
END
However, there's a problem. In the BEFORE INSERT
phase, the auto-generated id
value hasn't been generated yet. So if group_id
is null, it defaults to NEW.id
which is always 0.
But if you change this trigger to fire during the AFTER INSERT
phase, so you have access to the generated value of NEW.id
, you can't modify column values.
MySQL doesn't support expressions for the DEFAULT
of a column, so you can't declare this behavior in the table definition either. *Update: MySQL 8.0.13 supports DEFAULT (<expression>)
but the expression still can't depend on an auto-increment value (this is documented).
The only solution is to do the INSERT
, and then immediately do an UPDATE
to change the group_id
if it's not set.
INSERT INTO MyTable (group_id, value) VALUES (NULL, 'a');
UPDATE MyTable SET group_id = COALESCE(group_id, id) WHERE id = LAST_INSERT_ID();
This trigger should do what you asked.
CREATE TRIGGER mytrigger BEFORE INSERT ON mytable
IF new.group_id IS NULL
SET new.group_id = new.id
END IF
END;
It's copied from a very similar example in the MYSQL documentation page.
I am answering here, as in the accepted answer Bill Karwin states:
In the BEFORE INSERT phase, the auto-generated id value hasn't been generated yet. So if group_id is null, it defaults to NEW.id which is always 0.
I have an answer for it - for OP (and the visitors to come), here are few points: You cannot update the table from where the trigger gets invoked, for it you'll get Error 1442:
Error Code: 1442
Can't update table 'MyTable' in stored function/trigger because it is already used by statement which invoked this stored function/trigger.
1.to Update the new row
Use BEFORE INSERT ON
trigger, this way you can update all the fields for the new row, which can be accessible via NEW operator i.e.
set NEW.group_id = NEW.id
2.Get auto_increment value before insert:
SELECT AUTO_INCREMENT FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA=DATABASE() AND TABLE_NAME='MyTable'
To sum up - the trigger SQL for 'd be something as following:
DELIMITER //
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS MyTrigger//
CREATE TRIGGER MyTrigger BEFORE INSERT ON MyTable
FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
IF new.group_id IS NULL
set @auto_id := (SELECT AUTO_INCREMENT FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_NAME='MyTable' AND TABLE_SCHEMA=DATABASE() );
set NEW.group_id = @auto_id;
ENF IF;
END;
//
DELIMITER ;
This works for me
DELIMITER $$
CREATE TRIGGER `myTriggerNameHere`
BEFORE INSERT ON `table` FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SET NEW.group_id = IF(NEW.group_id IS NULL, LAST_INSERT_ID()+1, NEW.group_id);
END;
$$
DELIMITER ;
A trigger seems like overkill in this situation. Simply apply a default.
CREATE TABLE `test` (
`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`value` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`group_id` TINYINT(3) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '2'
)
I believe that this will work for you
I have two tables
test_b: a_id, value
test_c: a_id, value
And here is a trigger on the insert of test b. It checks to see if a_id is null and if it is it inserts 0
CREATE TRIGGER test_b AFTER INSERT ON test_b
FOR EACH ROW
INSERT INTO test_c (a_id, value) VALUES (IFNULL(NEW.a_id, 0),NEW.value)