Best Practice for Writing a POS System

Question

I\'m putting together a basic Point of Sale (POS) system in C# that needs to print to a receipt printer and open a cash drawer. Do I have to use the Microsoft Point of Service S

Answer 1

This is probably a slightly different answer to what you were looking for(!)...

When working with "external interfaces" (e.g. printers, cash draws etc) always abstract things. You probably want to implement strategies - Pattern Strategy.

You make an interface for the cash draw:

public interface ICashDrawer
{
    void Open();
}

The provide implementations:

• one strategy is a class that uses COM to open the draw
• another is something as simple as a class that does a Debug.WriteLine call so you don't need a cash draw connected to your PC during development

e.g.

public class ComPortCashDrawer : ICashDrawer
{
    public void Open()
    {
        // open via COM port etc
    }
}

public class DebugWriterCashDrawer : ICashDrawer
{
    public void Open()
    {
        Debug.WriteLine("DebugWriterCashDrawer.Open() @ " + DateTime.Now);
    }
}

Again for printing you have a print interface that takes the data:

public interface IRecieptPrinter
{
    bool Print(object someData);
}

then you make one or more implementations.

• Basic printer
• Specialized label printer
• a text based one that saves to a file...

e.g.

public class BasicRecieptPrinter : IRecieptPrinter
{
    public bool Print(object someData)
    {
        // format for a basic A4 print
        return true; // e.g. success etc
    }
}

public class SpecificXyzRecieptPrinter : IRecieptPrinter
{
    public bool Print(object someData)
    {
        // format for a specific printer
        return true; // e.g. success etc
    }
}

public class PlainTextFileRecieptPrinter : IRecieptPrinter
{
    public bool Print(object someData)
    {
        // Render the data as plain old text or something and save 
         // to a file for development or testing.
        return true; // e.g. success etc
    }
}

With respect to the SDK, if down the track you find you need it for some reason you write implementations using the SDK. Over time you may end up with several ways to interface with different external devices. The client may get a new cash draw one day etc etc.

Is that clear, I can flesh out what I mean if you want but you probably get my drift.

Your app sets itself up with the respective implementations at startup, you may want to take a look at Dependency injection as well and you will find things easier if you use a container to resolve the types.

var printer = container.Resolve<IRecieptPrinter>();

PK :-)

Answer 2

I've never dealt programmatically with what you're asking, but I do have some experience when it comes to POS systems which may help you.

What you do for printing and for the cash drawer are highly dependent on the hardware you're working with. And there is a wide variety of hardware out there.

In every POS system I've seen, there are multitudes of drivers for every conceivable receipt printer and cash drawer, so unless you're developing a full-blown system, just concentrate on the specific hardware you're going to be working with. Even then, try to factor your code well so that you maximize the benefit of the strategy pattern. If you're working with more than one type of device, you'll thank yourself later for implementing it that way.

---

For printing, there are 3 fundamental types of printers you may encounter:

1. Receipt printer that can only print text (antiquated, but still around)
2. Receipt printer that can print graphics
3. A standard printer printing 8.5" x 11" full-page invoices/credit memos (easy, 'nuff said)

I believe most, if not all, modern receipt printers fall into category #2, but you could run into a legacy system using a printer from category #1.

For category #2, you should be able to use the standard .NET printing interface. The only issue may be sending a control code to activate the cutting mechanism (if equipped) at the appropriate time(s); or, the printer driver may do it automatically based on the paper length specified in the printing algorithm. Again, I've never tried this, but if you have access to a receipt printer, you should be able to figure this stuff out in a hurry.

If you're dealing with a single client who has a printer in category #1, you can make a good argument that it will be less expensive to buy a new printer in category #2 than it will be to pay you to develop a dead-end driver to print on their existing hardware.

---

For cash drawers, I'm less familiar than with printers, but I know of two options as far as communication and hardware arrangement:

1. Attaches via LPT port through the printer. (Cable chain: computer --> printer --> cash drawer)
2. Attached directly to the computer, either by a COM/LPT port or probably USB in a modern one.

The first kind operates by sending control codes to the printer port (which the printer would hopefully ignore and not spit out an entire roll of receipt paper), while for the second you'll need to do the COM port communication stuff. In either case, the control codes are hardware-dependent. Most of the time they're found in the user manual, but sometimes the technical writer was feeling particularly evil that day, and you'll have to go digging online.

Answer 3

From just a quick browse the MS point-of-sale system is based on Window Embedded which is really just a way to get a lower cost per unit and smaller Windows OS license. It seems there are some APIs specific to POS, but you seem to want to roll your own, you'll still probably want to use Windows Embedded in some way. Security will probably be job 1.

Answer 4

To control the receipt printer directly, read up on the ESC/POS commands. These commands will allow you to open the cash drawer and print barcodes and images on the receipts.

However, as your using C#, it maybe be easier to use the Microsoft Point of Service class library.