C# getter and setter shorthand

Question

If my understanding of the internal workings of this line is correct:

public int MyInt { get; set; }

Then it behind the scenes does this:

Answer 1

You'll need to handle this yourself:

private bool IsDirty { get; set; }

private int _myInt; // Doesn't need to be a property
Public int MyInt {
    get{return _myInt;}
    set{_myInt = value; IsDirty = true;}
}

There is no syntax available which adds custom logic to a setter while still using the automatic property mechanism. You'll need to write this with your own backing field.

This is a common issue - for example, when implementing INotifyPropertyChanged.

Answer 2

Create an IsDirty decorator (design pattern) to wrap some your properties requiring the isDirty flag functionality.

public class IsDirtyDecorator<T>
{
    public bool IsDirty { get; private set; }

    private T _myValue;
    public T Value
    {
        get { return _myValue; }
        set { _myValue = value; IsDirty = true; }
    }
}

public class MyClass
{
    private IsDirtyDecorator<int> MyInt = new IsDirtyDecorator<int>();
    private IsDirtyDecorator<string> MyString = new IsDirtyDecorator<string>();

    public MyClass()
    {
        MyInt.Value = 123;
        MyString.Value = "Hello";
        Console.WriteLine(MyInt.Value);
        Console.WriteLine(MyInt.IsDirty);
        Console.WriteLine(MyString.Value);
        Console.WriteLine(MyString.IsDirty);
    }
}

Answer 3

I have created a custom Property<T> class to do common operations like that. I haven't used it thoroughly yet though, but it could be used in this scenario.

Code can be found here: http://pastebin.com/RWTWNNCU

You could use it as follows:

readonly Property<int> _myInt = new Property<int>();
public int MyInt
{
    get { return _myInt.GetValue(); }
    set { _myInt.SetValue( value, SetterCallbackOption.OnNewValue, SetDirty ); }
}

private void SetDirty( int oldValue, int newValue )
{
    IsDirty = true;
}

The Property class handles only calling the passed delegate when a new value is passed thanks to the SetterCallbackOption parameter. This is default so it can be dropped.

UPDATE:

This won't work apparently when you need to support multiple types (besides int), because the delegate won't match then. You could ofcourse always adjust the code to suit your needs.

Answer 4

You can make it simple or complex. It depends on how much work you want to invest. You can use aspect oriented programming to add the aspect via an IL weaver into the IL code with e.g. PostSharp. Or you can create a simple class that does handle the state for your property. It is so simple that the former approach only pays off if you have really many properties to handle this way.

using System;

class Dirty<T>
{
    T _Value;
    bool _IsDirty;

    public T Value
    {
        get { return _Value; }
        set
        {
            _IsDirty = true;
            _Value = value;
        }
    }

    public bool IsDirty
    {
        get { return _IsDirty; }
    }

    public Dirty(T initValue)
    {
        _Value = initValue;
    }
}

class Program
{
    static Dirty<int> _Integer;
    static int Integer
    {
        get { return _Integer.Value; }
        set { _Integer.Value = value;  }
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        _Integer = new Dirty<int>(10);
        Console.WriteLine("Dirty: {0}, value: {1}", _Integer.IsDirty, Integer);
        Integer = 15;
        Console.WriteLine("Dirty: {0}, value: {1}", _Integer.IsDirty, Integer);
    }
}

Another possibility is to use a proxy class which is generated at runtime which does add the aspect for you. With .NET 4 there is a class that does handle this aspect already for you. It is called ExpandObject which does notify you via an event when a property changes. The nice things is that ExpandoObject allows you to define at runtime any amount of properties and you get notifications about every change of a property. Databinding with WPF is very easy with this type.

dynamic _DynInteger = new ExpandoObject();

_DynInteger.Integer = 10;
((INotifyPropertyChanged)_DynInteger).PropertyChanged += (o, e) =>
{
    Console.WriteLine("Property {0} changed", e.PropertyName);
};

Console.WriteLine("value: {0}", _DynInteger.Integer );
_DynInteger.Integer = 20;
 Console.WriteLine("value: {0}", _DynInteger.Integer);

Yours, Alois Kraus

Answer 5

I'm going to add on to Simon Hughes' answer. I propose the same thing, but add a way to allow the decorator class to update a global IsDirty flag automatically. You may find it to be less complex to do it the old-fashioned way, but it depends on how many properties you're exposing and how many classes will require the same functionality.

public class IsDirtyDecorator<T>
{
    private T _myValue;
    private Action<bool> _changedAction;

    public IsDirtyDecorator<T>(Action<bool> changedAction = null)
    {
        _changedAction = changedAction;
    }

    public bool IsDirty { get; private set; }

    public T Value
    {
        get { return _myValue; }
        set
        {
            _myValue = value;
            IsDirty = true;
            if(_changedAction != null)
                _changedAction(IsDirty);
        }
    }
}

Now you can have your decorator class automatically update some other IsDirty property in another class:

class MyObject
{
    private IsDirtyDecorator<int> _myInt = new IsDirtyDecorator<int>(onValueChanged);
    private IsDirtyDecorator<int> _myOtherInt = new IsDirtyDecorator<int>(onValueChanged);

    public bool IsDirty { get; private set; }

    public int MyInt
    {
        get { return _myInt.Value; }
        set { _myInt.Value = value; }
    }

    public int MyOtherInt
    {
        get { return _myOtherInt.Value; }
        set { _myOtherInt.Value = value; }
    }

    private void onValueChanged(bool dirty)
    {
        IsDirty = true;
    }

}