Because at the IL level, a read/write property translates into two (getter and setter) methods.
When overriding, you have to keep supporting the underlying interface. If you could add a setter, you would effectively be adding a new method, which would remain invisible to the outside world, as far as your classes' interface was concerned.
True, adding a new method would not be breaking compatibility per se, but since it would remain hidden, decision to disallow this makes perfect sense.