How to output data when using $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

Question

How do you correctly output data when using $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)? Right now I\'m getting single words as my result when doing

\"select          


        

Answer 1

 $pdo = new PDO(/*Your credentials*/);
 $sql = `select name, author, title from d_books`
 $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
 $stmt->execute(); 

 while ($arr = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
    echo $arr['name'];
 }

or

 $pdo = new PDO(/*Your credentials*/);
 $sql = `select name, author, title from d_books`
 $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
 $stmt->execute(); 
 $arr = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
 foreach ($arr as $titleData) {
    echo $titleData['name'];
 }

You can always use pdo->query() method when running a query without any parameters, which is faster, but I do not believe that this happens much(running queries without any parameters).