Media Queries: How to target desktop, tablet, and mobile?

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清酒与你
清酒与你 2020-11-21 04:53

I have been doing some research on media queries and I still don\'t quite understand how to target devices of certain sizes.

I want to be able to target desktop, ta

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  • 2020-11-21 05:12

    The behavior does not change on desktop. But on tablets and mobiles, I expand the navbar to cover the big logo image. Note: Use the margin (top and bottom) as much as you need for your logo height.

    For my case, 60px top and bottom worked perfectly!

    @media (max-width:768px) { 
      .navbar-toggle {
          margin: 60px 0;
      }
    }
    

    Check the navbar here.

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  • 2020-11-21 05:12

    I am using following one to do my job.

    /* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Smartphones (landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-width : 321px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Smartphones (portrait) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPads (landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPads (portrait) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    /**********
    iPad 3
    **********/
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    /* Desktops and laptops ----------- */
    @media only screen  and (min-width : 1224px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Large screens ----------- */
    @media only screen  and (min-width : 1824px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 4 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 5 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 6, 7, 8 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 6+, 7+, 8+ ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone X ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 812px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 812px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone XS Max, XR ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 896px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 896px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Samsung Galaxy S3 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Samsung Galaxy S4 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Samsung Galaxy S5 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
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  • 2020-11-21 05:13

    Media queries for common device breakpoints

    /* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Smartphones (landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-width : 321px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Smartphones (portrait) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPads (landscape) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPads (portrait) ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    /**********
    iPad 3
    **********/
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    /* Desktops and laptops ----------- */
    @media only screen  and (min-width : 1224px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Large screens ----------- */
    @media only screen  and (min-width : 1824px) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 4 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio : 2) {
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 5 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 568px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 6 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 375px) and (max-device-height: 667px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* iPhone 6+ ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 414px) and (max-device-height: 736px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Samsung Galaxy S3 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Samsung Galaxy S4 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    /* Samsung Galaxy S5 ----------- */
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
    @media only screen and (min-device-width: 360px) and (max-device-height: 640px) and (orientation : portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 3){
    /* Styles */
    }
    
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  • 2020-11-21 05:21

    IMO these are the best breakpoints:

    @media (min-width:320px)  { /* smartphones, portrait iPhone, portrait 480x320 phones (Android) */ }
    @media (min-width:480px)  { /* smartphones, Android phones, landscape iPhone */ }
    @media (min-width:600px)  { /* portrait tablets, portrait iPad, e-readers (Nook/Kindle), landscape 800x480 phones (Android) */ }
    @media (min-width:801px)  { /* tablet, landscape iPad, lo-res laptops ands desktops */ }
    @media (min-width:1025px) { /* big landscape tablets, laptops, and desktops */ }
    @media (min-width:1281px) { /* hi-res laptops and desktops */ }
    

    Edit: Refined to work better with 960 grids:

    @media (min-width:320px)  { /* smartphones, iPhone, portrait 480x320 phones */ }
    @media (min-width:481px)  { /* portrait e-readers (Nook/Kindle), smaller tablets @ 600 or @ 640 wide. */ }
    @media (min-width:641px)  { /* portrait tablets, portrait iPad, landscape e-readers, landscape 800x480 or 854x480 phones */ }
    @media (min-width:961px)  { /* tablet, landscape iPad, lo-res laptops ands desktops */ }
    @media (min-width:1025px) { /* big landscape tablets, laptops, and desktops */ }
    @media (min-width:1281px) { /* hi-res laptops and desktops */ }
    

    In practice, many designers convert pixels to ems, largely because ems afford better zooming. At standard zoom 1em === 16px, multiply pixels by 1em/16px to get ems. For example, 320px === 20em.

    In response to the comment, min-width is standard in "mobile-first" design, wherein you start by designing for your smallest screens, and then add ever-increasing media queries, working you way onto larger and larger screens. Regardless of whether you prefer min-, max-, or combinations thereof, be cognizant of the order of your rules, keeping in mind that if multiple rules match the same element, the later rules will override the earlier rules.

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  • 2020-11-21 05:23
    • Extra small devices ~ Phones (< 768px)
    • Small devices ~ Tablets (>= 768px)
    • Medium devices ~ Desktops (>= 992px)
    • Large devices ~ Desktops (>= 1200px)
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  • 2020-11-21 05:24

    It's not a matter of pixels count, it's a matter of actual size (in mm or inches) of characters on the screen, which depends on pixels density. Hence "min-width:" and "max-width:" are useless. A full explanation of this issue is here: what exactly is device pixel ratio?

    "@media" queries take into account the pixels count and the device pixel ratio, resulting in a "virtual resolution" which is what you have to actually take into account while designing your page: if your font is 10px fixed-width and the "virtual horizontal resolution" is 300 px, 30 characters will be needed to fill a line.

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