We have recently tested some HTML5 content with heavy javascript libraries from an iOS app. The app designed to load these contents in UIWebview. iOS 6 was used for this testing
Yes there is a way to benchmark the differences.
Start this benchmark in Safari first: http://www.webkit.org/perf/sunspider/sunspider.html
Then, build a simple app that contains an UIWebView and let it open the URL. Now start the App on your Tablet/Phone an run the test again in your UIWebView.
My results on iPad 2 iOS 6.1.3:
Safari Total: 1490.8ms
UIWebView Total: 5496.8ms