Before I start, I want to say that I already checked these answers:
Jenkins build step fails on 'npm install
Jenkin's build failing
I found my own solution. The problem was that the PATH although visible in shell was not exported for the Jenkins job, and so, the first workaround, as found here, was to export it in the actual script like so:
but this feels like a hack!
The right and elegant solution is to use Jenkins EnvInject Plugin and export the path in the added Properties content textarea on the configuration page, like so: