How can I sort an STL map by value?

Question

How can I implement STL map sorting by value?

For example, I have a map m:

map m;
m[1] = 10;
m[2] = 5;
m[4] = 6;
m[6] =          


        

Answer 1

I have found this in thispointer. The example sorts a std::map< std::string,int> by all the int values.

#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>

int main() {

    // Creating & Initializing a map of String & Ints
    std::map<std::string, int> mapOfWordCount = { { "aaa", 10 }, { "ffffd", 41 },
            { "bbb", 62 }, { "ccc", 13 } };

    // Declaring the type of Predicate that accepts 2 pairs and return a bool
    typedef std::function<bool(std::pair<std::string, int>, std::pair<std::string, int>)> Comparator;

    // Defining a lambda function to compare two pairs. It will compare two pairs using second field
    Comparator compFunctor =
            [](std::pair<std::string, int> elem1 ,std::pair<std::string, int> elem2)
            {
                return elem1.second < elem2.second;
            };

    // Declaring a set that will store the pairs using above comparision logic
    std::set<std::pair<std::string, int>, Comparator> setOfWords(
            mapOfWordCount.begin(), mapOfWordCount.end(), compFunctor);

    // Iterate over a set using range base for loop
    // It will display the items in sorted order of values
    for (std::pair<std::string, int> element : setOfWords)
        std::cout << element.first << " :: " << element.second << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

Answer 2

I wonder how can I implement the STL map sorting by value.

You can’t, by definition. A map is a data structure that sorts its element by key.