Xcode 4.6, iOS SDK 6.1, tesseract-ocr 3.02
Since the last OpenCV versions are built using libc++, and tesseract-ocr is built using libstdc+
Tsseract-OCR-iOS has been updated to handle this issue (working in the same project as a libc++ compiled project e.g. OpenCV). Don't forget these steps when installing it:
If you are using iOS7 or greater, link libstdc++.6.0.9.dylib library (Your target => General => Linked Frameworks and Libraries => + => libstdc++.6.0.9)
Go to your project, click on the project and in the Build Settings tab add -lstdc++ to all the "Other Linker Flags" keys.
*Go to your project settings, and ensure that C++ Standard Library => Compiler Default. (thanks to https://github.com/trein)
Copy and import the tessdata folder from the Template Framework Project under the root of your project. It contains the "tessdata" files. You can add more tessdata files copyng them here.
*I had to set the C++ Standard Library to "libc++" in order for OpenCV to compile.
Ok, so my problem was that after adding and removing references to libraries a few times in my project, I had quite a mess in my Library Search Paths. Plus, I didn't add the new "include" folder (created when building tesseract) to the User Header Search Paths.
So, just a quick recap, in order to build tesseract-ocr using libc++, so it can work along with newer OpenCV versions:
That's it. At this point, you'll have a project capable of using both new OpenCV versions AND tesseract 3.02 together. If it's a new project, don't forget to edit your prefix file accordingly to include OpenCV and Tesseract in case of __cplusplus, and rename any .m file using them to .mm
Big thanks to to this answer, that got me well on my way.