As part of a extensive test-case, I\'m building an ajax-based CMS-like application which provides CRUD-functionality on various documenttypes, e.g: articles, tags, etc.
It is very possible and one of the most gratifying things to have a single definition of validations in one place (per model) on the server that can then generate appropriate JS for client-side and AJAX-based validations.
Yii framework for PHP has a fantastic architecture for accomplishing this in an elegant way that stores all the validation rules together in the model (divvied up into appropriate "scenarios" as needed). From there, it's a matter of flipping a few switches to make a particular form client-side or AJAX-validateable. I believe Yii's interfaces for this were based on Rails.
Anyway I would highly recommend checking out the following key points from Yii's design; even if you don't know PHP, you can use this for inspiration:
I think it's wise to pursue DRY validation rule declaration and in my experience it is not at all unrealistic to achieve that 100% and still have rich forms—and rich validation rules. (And boy will you love life when you don't have to manage all that client-validate JS...)
Hope this helps.