I have recently updated my Xcode and started having this error.
2014-11-03 15:03:54.222 App[13141:60b] Error loading /private/var/mobile/Applications/677127BD-52
Xcode 10 here.
For me the issue was the discrepancy between the Project deployment target and the Target deployment target. Once I had them matching, XCTest started working.
I've encountered exactly the same problem. I was able to fix the problem by setting the provisioning profile to something other than Automatic on both targets (the test and the test host).
I verified this was the problem by reverting it back to automatic, and the problem reoccured.
I found that if I deleted all iOS developer certificates from OS X keychain and the iPhone developer portal, and then let Xcode re-request the development certificates, the problem is resolved.
@tagy22's comment worked for me
Had this error, I had to set both targets provisioning profile to a wildcard profile.