On the http://php.net/manual/en/language.operators.precedence.php webpage, the second highest precedence level contains a left-associative operator called [.
[
It just means the array variable (left associativity - $first) will be evaluated before the array key (right associativity - $second)
$first[$second]
This have lot of sense when array has multiple dimensions
$first[$second][$third][$fourth]