Are there any good resources or books for spillable data structures, that is, say, a queue?
When storing large objects it could fill up all of memory, but if you can ke
What you are looking for might be the topic of I/O efficient algorithms. A Google search didn't turn up any books for me, but this course page contains a list of articles which may or may not be relevant for you.
You should also take a look at the WikiPedia page for B-trees, especially the section on B-trees in filesystems.