If I create an index on columns (A, B, C), in that order, my understanding is that the database will be able to use it even if I search only on (A), or (A and B), or (A and B an
Up to version Oracle 8 an index will never be used unless the first column is included in the SQL.
In Oracle 9i the Skip Scan Index Access feature was introduced, which lets the Oracle CBO attempt to use indexes even when the prefix column is not available.
Good overview of how skip scan works here: http://www.quest-pipelines.com/newsletter-v5/1004_C.htm