Does in class member initialization takes place at compile time or run-time?

Question

In C++11 a new feature was introduced where the programmer can initialize class member variables inside class\'s definition, see code below:

struct foo
{ 
  int         


        

Answer 1

In-class initialisers for member-variables are syntactic sugar for writing them in the constructor initialiser list, unless there's an explicit initialiser already there, in which case they are ignored.
In-class initialisers of static const members are for constant literals, a definition is still needed (though without initialiser).

C++ has the "as if"-rule from C, so anything resulting in the prescribed observed behavior is allowed.
Specifically, that means static objects may be initialised at compile-time.