The Extended Choice Parameter plugin is great and I use it in jobs configured via the UI https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/JENKINS/Extended+Choice+Parameter+plugin
How
Navigate to your http://jenkins-url.com/pipeline-syntax.
On the Sample step dropdown select 'Properties: Set job properties'
There is a checkbox for 'This project is parameterized', then you can select Add parameter > Extended Choice Parameter. Add the menu items there then click 'Generate Pipeline Script' to convert.
Trim it so you remove the 'properties([parameters([' before and the '])])' after:
extendedChoice(defaultValue: 'whatif', description: 'Run as what if?', multiSelectDelimiter: ',', name: 'whatif', quoteValue: false, saveJSONParameterToFile: false, type: 'PT_SINGLE_SELECT', value: 'whatif, LIVE', visibleItemCount: 2)