If my URL is http://www.something.com/foo/bar/index.html?color=yellow&animal=rat, it seems as though:
http://www.something.com/foo/bar/index.html?color=yellow&animal=rat
$location.path()
As far as I'm aware you have to construct it yourself. Not that you were asking how to construct it, but for those who are wondering:
var url = $location.absUrl().split('?')[0]