Assuming:
In addition to LoztInSpace's answer, inserts
may cause deadlocks even without deletes
or updates
presence. All you need is a unique index and a reversed operations order.
Example in Oracle :
create table t1 (id number);
create unique index t1_pk on t1 (id);
--thread 1 :
insert into t1 values(1);
--thread 2
insert into t1 values(2);
--thread 1 :
insert into t1 values(2);
--thread 2
insert into t1 values(1); -- deadlock !