Qt uses Command Pattern for Menubar/Toolbar items.
QActions are created seperately from QMenuItem and QToolbar, and the Actions can be assigned to QMenuItem and QToolbar with setAction() and addAction() method respectively.
http://web.archive.org/web/20100801023349/http://cartan.cas.suffolk.edu/oopdocbook/html/menus.html
http://web.archive.org/web/20100729211835/http://cartan.cas.suffolk.edu/oopdocbook/html/actions.html