No. Recursion is nothing more than a stack and you can achieve the same results by implementing a stack explicitly.
That may not be an especially satisfying answer, but you'd have to ask a much more specific question to get a better answer. For example, theory dictates that in the levels of computing there is quite a difference in the range of problems that can be solved if you have a while loop vs. only having (traditional) for loops.
I put "traditional" in there because they really mean loops that iterate a certain number of times whereas C style for (...;...;...) loops are while loops in disguise.
