How can I override ~/.vim and ~/.vimrc paths (but no others) in vim?

Question

Let\'s say I have a tarball of all my vim config - everything normally inside ~/.vim (plugins, autoload, colours, all that stuff), and a vimrc file. I extract this to a director

Answer 1

This "vimrc File and Vim Runtime Directories" screencast might be useful, as well as the vim documentation for 'runtimepath', which states the following:

This is a list of directories which will be searched for runtime files:
      filetype.vim  filetypes by file name |new-filetype|
      scripts.vim   filetypes by file contents |new-filetype-scripts|
      autoload/ automatically loaded scripts |autoload-functions|
      colors/   color scheme files |:colorscheme|
      compiler/ compiler files |:compiler|
      doc/      documentation |write-local-help|
      ftplugin/ filetype plugins |write-filetype-plugin|
      indent/   indent scripts |indent-expression|
      keymap/   key mapping files |mbyte-keymap|
      lang/     menu translations |:menutrans|
      menu.vim  GUI menus |menu.vim|
      plugin/   plugin scripts |write-plugin|
      print/    files for printing |postscript-print-encoding|
      spell/    spell checking files |spell|
      syntax/   syntax files |mysyntaxfile|
      tutor/    files for vimtutor |tutor|

    And any other file searched for with the |:runtime| command.

    The defaults for most systems are setup to search five locations:
    1. In your home directory, for your personal preferences.
    2. In a system-wide Vim directory, for preferences from the system
       administrator.
    3. In $VIMRUNTIME, for files distributed with Vim.

                            *after-directory*
    4. In the "after" directory in the system-wide Vim directory.  This is
       for the system administrator to overrule or add to the distributed
       defaults (rarely needed)
    5. In the "after" directory in your home directory.  This is for
       personal preferences to overrule or add to the distributed defaults
       or system-wide settings (rarely needed).