While the Standard Template Library is convenient when it comes to performing tasks as you mentioned like Searching, Replacing, using Linked Lists, it should not replace the knowledge of what is going on inside of the Library.
You mentioned not needing to learn about linked lists, binary searches and "many more", however you should have at least a working knowledge of how these Data Structures and procedures work as it will make using them (and knowing when to use them) much more effective.
Basically - you don't have to reinvent the wheel, but at least know what makes the wheels effectively turn.
