I wrote a small JavaScript a couple of years ago that grabbed a users (mine) most recent tweet and then parsed it out for display including links, date etc.
It used this
Previously the Search API was the only Twitter API that didn't require some form of OAuth. Now it does require auth.
Twitter's Search API is acquired from a third party acquisition - they rarely support it and are seemingly unenthused that it even exists. On top of that, there are many limitations to the payload, including but not limited to a severely reduced set of key:value pairs in the JSON or XML file you get back.
When I heard this, I was shocked. I spent a LONG time figuring out how to use the least amount of code to do a simple GET request (like displaying a timeline).
I decided to go the OAuth route to be able to ensure a relevant payload. You need a server-side language to do this. JavaScript is visible to end users, and thus it's a bad idea to include the necessary keys and secrets in a .js file.
I didn't want to use a big library so the answer for me was PHP and help from @Rivers' answer here. The answer below it by @lackovic10 describes how to include queries in your authentication.
I hope this helps others save time thinking about how to go about using Twitter's API with the new OAuth requirement.