Are Entity Relationship Diagrams(ERD\'s) considered a type of UML diagram or are they a separate thing?
ERD is it's own thing. It's not in UML specification. You can download specification PDF from the link.
UML is a common notation/language for object oriented modeling and it includes a multitude of diagram types. ERD is a diagram for data modeling (attributes and relationships). Some structural UML diagrams are fairly similar in what you can model, but the concept is different.
Types of UML diagrams: