I have a structure of html like this:
some elements inside
some elements inside
you can actually use a regular expression in a selector to achieve exactly what you are looking for, as such:
$("div:regex(id, yourRegularExpression)");
(Note: this does require the regex-selector plugin)
Someone asked a similar question here.
You can read all about regular expressions here.
As others have pointed out, you can achieve the same result like this:
$("div[id^='partOfID']");
by using a simple jQuery selector. For more complex selections, though, you will need to use the regex plugin or do it manually, as noted in the linked question.
good luck!