Extract filename and path from URL in bash script

Question

In my bash script I need to extract just the path from the given URL. For example, from the variable containing string:

http://login:password@example.com/one/more/dir/fi

Answer 1

I wrote a function to that will extract any part or the URL. I've only tested it in bash. Usage:

url_parse  [url-part]

example:

$ url_parse "http://example.com:8080/home/index.html" path
home/index.html

code:

url_parse() {
  local -r url=$1 url_part=$2
  #define url tokens and url regular expression
  local -r protocol='^[^:]+' user='[^:@]+' password='[^@]+' host='[^:/?#]+' \
    port='[0-9]+' path='\/([^?#]*)' query='\?([^#]+)' fragment='#(.*)'
  local -r auth="($user)(:($password))?@"
  local -r connection="($auth)?($host)(:($port))?"
  local -r url_regex="($protocol):\/\/($connection)?($path)?($query)?($fragment)?$"
  #parse url and create an array
  IFS=',' read -r -a url_arr <<< $(echo $url | awk -v OFS=, \
    "{match(\$0,/$url_regex/,a);print a[1],a[4],a[6],a[7],a[9],a[11],a[13],a[15]}")

  [[ ${url_arr[0]} ]] || { echo "Invalid URL: $url" >&2 ; return 1 ; }

  case $url_part in
    protocol) echo ${url_arr[0]} ;;
    auth)     echo ${url_arr[1]}:${url_arr[2]} ;; # ex: john.doe:1234
    user)     echo ${url_arr[1]} ;;
    password) echo ${url_arr[2]} ;;
    host-port)echo ${url_arr[3]}:${url_arr[4]} ;; #ex: example.com:8080
    host)     echo ${url_arr[3]} ;;
    port)     echo ${url_arr[4]} ;;
    path)     echo ${url_arr[5]} ;;
    query)    echo ${url_arr[6]} ;;
    fragment) echo ${url_arr[7]} ;;
    info)     echo -e "protocol:${url_arr[0]}\nuser:${url_arr[1]}\npassword:${url_arr[2]}\nhost:${url_arr[3]}\nport:${url_arr[4]}\npath:${url_arr[5]}\nquery:${url_arr[6]}\nfragment:${url_arr[7]}";;
    "")       ;; # used to validate url
    *)        echo "Invalid URL part: $url_part" >&2 ; return 1 ;;
  esac
}