I am considering few options for pushing data from server to the client for my web application in real time.
I have implemented a polling based (each client sends http
If you are using Apache within your existing stack then, as you already said, there will be problems with scaling you users even if you use long polling instead of continuous one. Solution might be to use high performance web server like nginx in order to handle many concurrent connections.
On the other hand node.js is made for this kind of connection concurrency and there are packages, like socket.io, which can make your developer life much easier since it offers various kinds of transport options with fallback solutions and other useful functionality.