I guess it's silly to mention Firebug -- doubt any of us could live without it. Other than that I use the following (only listing dev-related):
- Console2: next-generation error console
- DOM inspector: as the title might indicate, allows you to browse the DOM
- Edit Cookies: change cookies on the fly
- Execute JS: ad-hoc Javascript execution
- IE Tab: render a page in IE
- Inspect This: brings the selected object into the DOM inspector
- JSView: display linked javascript and CSS
- LORI (Life of Request Info): shows how long it takes to render a page
- Measure IT: a popup ruler.
- URL Params: shows GET and POST variables
- Web Developer: a myriad of tools for the web developer