This is the subject of a number of recent academic papers, as the field expands rapidly.
These for example are based on Consensus in the Age of Blockchains:
- Committee Formation - How the members of the committee are chosen, for example via proof-of-work, proof-of- stake,
trusted hardware etc
- Consistency - The likelihood that the system will reach consensus on a proposed value; it can be either strong or weak
- Incentive Model
- Safety ( Transaction, Censorship Resistance, DoS Resistance)
- Adversary models considered
- Performance (Throughput, Scalability, Latency)
- Exp. Setup
- Code availability
See also Blockchain Consensus Protocols in the Wild.
