how to nginx virtual servers + fcgi for django?

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被撕碎了的回忆 2021-01-30 00:13

I would like to run several virtual hosts via nginx, each serving a different django app via fcgi. Is this possible? If so, does anyone have good resources on where/how to sta

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  •  醉梦人生
    2021-01-30 01:04

    There have been two pretty good blog posts lately about setting up nginx, but both are using nginx to serve static (or cached) content and apache + mod_wsgi to serve Django. I prefer this myself because mod_wsgi makes process management so much easier than fcgi (among other advantages).

    Anyway, here are the posts:

    • The Django and Ubuntu Intrepid Almanac
    • django, nginx, memcached - the dynamic trio

    EDIT: ok I dug out an old tar file with my nginx + django + virtual host config files from a year ago before I switched to apache + mod_wsgi. This was a development machine, so you'll want to adjust # of workers, connections, etc.

    nginx.conf:

    user nginx nginx;
    worker_processes 2;
    
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error_log info;
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
        use epoll;
    }
    
    http {
        include         /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type    application/octet-stream;
    
    log_format main
                '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
        '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
                '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
        '"$gzip_ratio"';
    
    client_header_timeout   3m;
    client_body_timeout     3m;
    send_timeout            3m;
    
    connection_pool_size            256;
    client_header_buffer_size       1k;
    large_client_header_buffers     4 2k;
    request_pool_size               4k;
    
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1100;
    gzip_buffers    4 32k;
    gzip_types      text/plain text/html application/x-javascript text/xml text/css;
    
    output_buffers  4 32k;
    postpone_output 1460;
    
    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush      on;
    tcp_nodelay     on;
    
    keepalive_timeout       75 20;
    
    ignore_invalid_headers  on;
    
    include vhosts.d/*.conf;
    }
    

    So, the main nginx.conf includes every file in the vhosts.d/ subdirectory. One of my files was for serving PHP on localhost (was probably running phpMyAdmin) like this:

    vhosts.d/00_localhost:

    server {
    
      listen 127.0.0.1:80;
      server_name localhost;
    
      access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access_log main;
      error_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.error_log info;
    
      root /var/www/localhost/htdocs;
      index index.php index.html index.htm;
    
        location ~ .php$ {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:8888;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/localhost/htdocs$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING     $query_string;
            fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD   $request_method;
            fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE     $content_type;
            fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH   $content_length;
      }
    }
    

    And then a local Django development server like this:

    50_django.local:

    server {
    
      listen  80;
      server_name django.local;
    
      access_log /var/log/nginx/django.access.log main;
      error_log /var/log/nginx/django.error.log info;
    
      root /var/www/django.local;
    
      location ~* ^.+\.(mpg|avi|mp3|swf|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|rtf|mpeg)$ {
        access_log off;
        break;
      }
    
      location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|bmp|js)$ {
        expires 30d;
        break;
      }
    
      location / {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/www/django.local/server.sock;
        include fastcgi.conf;
      }
    
      location ^~ /admin/ {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/www/django.local/server.sock;
        include fastcgi.conf;
        access_log off;
        auth_basic "Welcome to admin";
      }
    }
    

    Finally, each of the virtual servers included a fastcgi.conf for each location.

    fastcgi.conf:

    fastcgi_pass_header Authorization;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors off;
    
    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO         $fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD    $request_method;
    fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING      $query_string;
    fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE      $content_type;
    fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH    $content_length;
    fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT       $server_port;
    fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL   $server_protocol;
    fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME       $server_name;
    
    fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI       $request_uri;
    fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI      $document_uri;
    fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT     $document_root;
    fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR       $server_addr;
    fastcgi_param REMOTE_USER       $remote_user;
    fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR       $remote_addr;
    fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT       $remote_port;
    fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE   "nginx";
    fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE "CGI/1.1";
    
    fastcgi_param UID_SET           $uid_set;
    fastcgi_param UID_GOT           $uid_got;
    

    I'm not sure all of the above were required, but that was another one of the reasons I switched to mod_wsgi... superior support and documentation :)

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