I know ElasticSearch is built upon Apache Lucene but I want to know the significant differences between the two.
In addition to @Vineeth Mohan words:
High Availability: Elasticsearch is distributed, so that it can manage data replication, which means having multiple copies of data in your cluster. This enables high availability.
Powerful Query DSL:Elasticsearch offers us, JSON interface for reading and writing queries on top of Lucene. Thanks to Elasticsearch, you can write complex queries without knowing Lucene syntax.
Schemaless (Schema-Free): Fields(name,value pairs) for schema
do not have to be defined before. When you index data, elasticsearch can create schema automatically at runtime, like magic.