I\'d like to start using \"SEO Friendly Urls\" but the notion of generating and looking up large, unique text \"ids\" seems to be a significant performance challenge relative to
Yes, and in fact it's more SEO friendly to include a number in your url as it implies to google that you are consistently updating your content.
I am fairly sure that it makes it much more difficult to get indexed in Google News if you don't have an incrementing number attached in some way to your URLs.