I just upgraded my laptop from Windows 7 to Windows 10 and found that I am unable to start Virtualbox VMs configured with a bridged adapter.
See the configuration below:
My Windows 10 machine was automagically updated today. Looks like the "Windows 10 Anniversary update" When I restarted Virtualbox my server with a bridged adapter showed same as OP. I tried rerunning the VirtualBox installer (it did a Repair) - that did not fix the issue. I tried running the installer again as Admin (it did a Repair) - that did not fix. I ran the installer and selected UnInstall, then ran it again to Install. And the Network adapter settings looked good. Server started and connected to my network as usual. Whew. Hope this helps someone.