The simplest solution is
update your_table
set id = rownum;
However this won't help you with future insertions to this table. If that is something with is going to happen build a sequence.
SQL> select max(id) from your_table;
MAX(ID)
----------
SQL> create sequence your_table_seq;
Sequence created.
SQL> update your_table
2 set id = your_table_seq.nextval;
30 rows updated.
SQL> select max(id) from your_table;
MAX(ID)
----------
30
SQL> select id from your_table;
ID
----------
1
2
3
....
28
29
30
30 rows selected.
SQL>
By the way, now you've added an ID column and populated it be sure to enforce it as a primary key:
alter table your_table add constraint your_table_pk primary key (id);