Your datagridview is private to the user control. You can confirm this by inspecting the CCCustomers.designer.cs
file where the code for your datagridview is auto-generated.
The correct way to populate the datasource is to create a public method on your usercontrol eg
public void LoadData(List customers)
{
dgvCustomers.DataSource = customers;
}
which you would call from your main form like so:
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
db = new DatabaseContext();
CCCustomers.LoadData(db.Customers.ToList());
}