No, the spacing makes no difference at all. What makes the difference in your example is the const keyword (which isn't the question here).
Spacing doesn't really matter, except your colleagues may complain about bad styling. These forms are equivalent to the compiler:
int &i;
int& i;
int&i;
int
&
i;
The compiler will parse the code into "lexical elements" before further processing, and space only serves as separators.
