There are 2 different APIs to access Google Drive from Android. The GDAA and the REST API. You need he REST since GDAA supports only FILE scope (i.e. can only see files/folders the Android app created).
Assuming you are asking about the 'shareable link' that looks like this:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1mQ................cW90ODA/view?usp=sharing
the URL portion below (most of the original is replaced by dots, to keep my stuff private):
0B1mQ................cW90ODA
is the actual (resource) ID that is used in REST to retrieve files, folders. See this snippet:
/*************************************************************************
* get file contents
* @param resId file driveId
* @return file's content / null on fail
*/
static byte[] read(String resId) {
byte[] buf = null;
if (mGOOSvc != null && mConnected && resId != null) try {
File gFl = mGOOSvc.files().get(resId).setFields("downloadUrl").execute();
if (gFl != null){
String strUrl = gFl.getDownloadUrl();
InputStream is = mGOOSvc.getRequestFactory()
.buildGetRequest(new GenericUrl(strUrl)).execute().getContent();
buf = UT.is2Bytes(is);
}
} catch (Exception e) { UT.le(e); }
return buf;
}
taken out of context from the REST class of the GDAA/REST demo here.
You don't need bother with the demo, you can test it in the playground here (bottom of the page).
Good Luck